The Mean Value Theorem

Rolle's Theorem is a special case of the Mean Value Theorem which says that there has to be a point between $a$ and $b$ where the instantaneous rate of change is equal to the average rate of change between $a$ and $b$. More precisely:

Mean Value Theorem: If $f$ is a function that is continuous on the closed interval $[a,b]$ and differentiable on the open interval $(a,b)$, then there is a point $c$ in  $(a,b)$ such that $\displaystyle f'(c)=\frac{f(b)-f(a)}{b-a}$.

In the following animation (or screen shot if the plugin is not installed), the red line goes from $(a,f(a))$ to $(b,f(b))$. If you adjust the height of the parallel teal line until it is tangent to the curve $y=f(x)$ at a point $(c,f(c))$, then the derivative at the point of tangency will be exactly $f'(c)=\displaystyle{\frac{f(b)-f(a)}{b-a}}$.