We can also compute areas by slicing horizontally instead of
vertically. In this case, we'll denote by W(y) the width
of a horizontal strip. The area of each slice is roughly
W(y)⋅Δy, and the total area becomes ∫dcW(y)dy, where [c,d] is the y-interval that includes the
total area to be computed. This means the horizontal strips
start at the lowest y-value c, and end at the largest
y-value d -- these are not x-values here.
Let's look at an example. We have two curves below, f and
g, which are written in terms of y. As in the case of
vertical strips, we need to know which is the larger. That
translates to the curve further to the right (bigger x-values)
being the larger.
In this example, W(y)=f(y)−g(y). We compute our
area:∫dcW(y)dy=∫1−1((f(y)−g(y))dy=∫1−1(1−y2−(y3−y))dy=∫1−1(1−y2−y3+y)dy.
DO: Before looking ahead,
evaluate this integral. Check your antiderivative!
In the example above, the two curves were naturally written as
functions of y, since they are not functions of x (why not?). However, we often are
given functions of x, and we have to find the inverse function to
get a function of y. You will see this in the video.
What we do when we are given y=f(x) is we find f−1, since
x=f−1(y).